Ukrainian refugees who have found work in Poland make a significant contribution to the country’s economy. According to a study by the international consulting company Deloitte, their impact on Poland’s GDP could reach 3.2% by 2030.
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In 2023, the contribution of Ukrainian workers to Poland’s GDP was estimated at 2.3%, and in 2024 it was already 2.7%. Analysts say that over time, as Ukrainians integrate better into the Polish labour market and acquire specific skills, their economic role will grow. At the same time, companies are adapting their production structure and investing in the workforce, which will further affect economic dynamics.
As of May-June 2024, 80% of Ukrainian refugees were employed in Poland, while only 14% received social assistance. The unemployment rate among them decreased from 11% in August 2023 to 6% in June 2024. The average salary increased by 900 zlotys over the year and reached 4,000 zlotys (about 45,720 hryvnias). Depending on the field of activity, it ranged from PLN 3,500 to 4,200 before taxes.
The highest earnings among Ukrainians are recorded in the manufacturing industry, healthcare, and hospitality and catering. In contrast, construction and education have the lowest wages. The highest salaries are paid to workers aged 15 to 24.
Although the average salary of Ukrainians at Polish employers is generally lower than that of other workers, their hard work and massive entry into the labour market have a significant impact on employment dynamics. The study shows that Ukrainian refugees also help to reduce staff shortages in certain sectors.
Warsaw remains the most popular city among Ukrainians, with 109,700 refugees living there in September 2024. Next are Wroclaw (53.9 thousand) and Krakow (over 33 thousand).
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